Körtelfeber

What is Infectious Mononucleosis?

A Comprehensive Guide to the "Kissing Disease"

Infectious mononucleosis, commonly known as "mono" or the "kissing disease," is a viral infection that primarily affects teenagers and young adults. It is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is characterized by a range of symptoms, including fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue.

Transmission and Symptoms

Mono is spread through contact with infected saliva, typically through kissing or sharing utensils or drinks. The incubation period ranges from 4 to 6 weeks, and symptoms usually last for 2 to 4 weeks.

Common symptoms of mono include:

• Fever and chills
• Sore throat
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Fatigue
• Headache and muscle aches
• Loss of appetite

Diagnosis and Treatment

Mono is diagnosed based on a physical examination and a blood test that detects EBV antibodies. There is no specific treatment for mono, and the focus of care is on relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

Treatment recommendations typically include:

• Rest and plenty of fluids
• Over-the-counter pain relievers
• Throat lozenges
• A soft diet

Complications

In most cases, mono is a self-limited illness that resolves without complications. However, in rare cases, complications can occur, such as:

• Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen)
• Hepatitis (liver inflammation)
• Encephalitis (brain inflammation)
• Myocarditis (heart inflammation)

Prevention

There is no vaccine available for mono. However, practicing good hygiene and avoiding contact with infected individuals can help reduce the risk of infection.